长沙百里苗木走廊土壤肥力诊断与质量评价

以长沙百里苗木走廊苗圃为例,在实地调查与采样分析的基础上,对土壤肥力各单项指标进行了诊断分析,然后采用模糊数学综合评判法(Fuzzy法)对各苗圃基地进行了土壤综合肥力评价.结果表明长沙百里苗木走廊苗圃基地土壤pH值偏低,土壤质地粘重,有机质和土壤全氮及速效氮含量中等偏低,土壤磷和钾素养分含量较丰富,各苗圃基地综合肥力大都属于中等偏上水平,其中丘陵岗地苗圃基地综合肥力明显低于谷地和丘平地.     

Quantitative Analysis of Influencing Factors for Settlement Generation

In the research of settlement renovation nowadays, because of the lack of a quantitative analysis, it was difficult to get a scientific, reasonable, systemic quantitative conclusion. This paper is presented to build a scientific,systemic and quantitative analysis method through which many influence factors invloved in the research of settlement, such as physical environment, social behavior and relatoins among these factors were quantitatively analyzed to get a system with generative simulation in the whole and detailed quantitative analysis for each individual factor, and to make the communication and judgement of the result easy.      

烟草病毒检测技术研究进展

近年来烟草病毒病发生病普遍,且日趋严重,对烟草的产量及质量影响很大,使烟草行业蒙受巨大损失。鉴于此,建立有效的病毒检测技术,对烟草病毒进行防治十分重要。综述了国内外对烟草病毒的检测技术,主要包括:指示植物法、电镜检测方法、血清学方法、分子生物学方法等。     

Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Grain Traits in Japonica Rice

Quantitative trait loci（QTLs） of grain traits were detected to provide theoretical basis for fine mapping and molecular marker-assisted breeding of grain traits in japonica rice.Using an F2 population including 200 individuals derived from a cross combination between two japonica rice DL115 with large grain and XL005 with small grain,the grain length,grain width,grain thickness,ratio of grain length to width and 1 000-grain weight were evaluated in Beijing;and the quantitative trait loci for above five grain traits were identified by composite interval mapping using SSR markers.The results showed that the five grain traits exhibited a normal continuous distribution in F2 population,indicating they were quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes.A total of 16 QTLs conferring the five grain traits were detected on chromosomes 2,3,5 and 12,respectively.Eight QTLs,namely qGL3a,qGW2,qGW5,qGT2,qRLW2,qRLW3,qGWT2 and qGWT3,were major QTLs and explained 15.42,40.89,13.54,33.43,13.82,13.61,12.51 and 10.1% of the observed phenotypic variance,respectively.Among them,qGW2,qGT2,qRLW2 and qGWT2 were mapped in same interval RM12776-RM324 on chromosome 2.The marker interval RM12776-RM324 on chromosome 2 was common marker intervals of four major QTLs,and the two SSR markers RM12776 and RM324 would be used in molecular markerassisted breeding in japonica rice.The modes of gene action were mainly additive and partial dominance.Four QTLs＇ alleles were derived from small grain parent XL005,and other 12 QTLs＇ alleles were derived from large grain parent DL115.The alleles from larger parent were showed significant effects to grain length,grain width,grain thickness and 1 000-grain weight.     

食源性沙门氏菌PCR检测体系的建立及评估

为建立食源性沙门氏菌实时定量PCR检测体系,实现快速检测。根据GenBank数据库鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的invA基因序列(AE008832)设计引物,建立沙门氏菌实时定量PCR检测方法,通过标准曲线的建立和对40份牛奶和40份生肉进行检测评估检测体系的灵敏度和特异性。结果显示标准曲线相关系数为0.999,检出底限约8个细菌/反应。40份牛奶和40份生肉检测阳性率分别为2.5%和5%,与传统细菌分离检测结果完全相符。实时定量PCR检测沙门氏菌具快速、灵敏的优点,适宜于食品中沙门氏菌污染的调查及监测。     

紫外诱导下麦长管蚜细胞色素b基因和SOD基因的克隆与序列分析

【目的】证实前期消减文库的研究结果,揭示紫外诱导条件下麦长管蚜的生态遗传机理。【方法】根据前人研究证明的细胞色素b基因和SOD基因的保守性区域,设计特异性引物,采用RT-PCR方法,扩增紫外线照射24,48h和对照麦长管蚜变异基因的部分序列,进行测序及核苷酸分析,并推导氨基酸序列。【结果】RT-PCR扩增分别得到长度420bp的细胞色素b基因cDNA片段和357bp的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)基因cDNA片段。序列分析表明,细胞色素b基因编码140个氨基酸残基,30W紫外辐射48h处理的麦长管蚜细胞色素b基因突变位点为3个,其编码的氨基酸序列变异位点为2个;SOD基因编码119个氨基酸残基,且对照与处理的序列一致,未发现变异位点。【结论】紫外诱导条件下,麦长管蚜细胞色素b基因发生突变部分的具体位点已经找到,其突变方式为转换和颠换;SOD基因未发现变异位点。     

猪初情期前后瘦素长型受体Ob-Rb mRNA在垂体内表达变化的研究

[目的]观察猪初情期前后瘦素长型受体Ob-RbmRNA在垂体内的表达变化,探讨其与猪初情期发育的关系。[方法]随机选取苏姜猪120日龄、初情期、180日龄各3头,屠宰,采集垂体组织,提取垂体组织总RNA,设计引物,利用实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测垂体内Ob-RbmRNA表达变化。[结果]在三个时期猪的垂体内都能检测到Ob-RbmRNA的表达,初情期表达量最低,与120日龄比较差异显著（P〈0.05）,与180日龄比较差异不显著（P〉0.05）。[结论]低表达量的Ob-RbmRNA有利于初情期的发生。     

非编码RNA检测技术的研究进展

非编码RNA（non-coding RNA,ncRNA）广泛存在于生物体中,不编码蛋白质,以RNA的形式在许多生命过程中发挥着重要的作用。随着越来越多ncRNA生物学功能的揭示,检测ncRNA在不同生理和病理状态下表达谱的变化,已迅速成为研究的热点。为了将ncRNA更好地应用于农业生产和生物医学研究,笔者对ncRNA最新检测技术的原理与应用进行了综述。     

利用荧光定量PCR进行饲料中牛羊源性成分检测的快速筛选

通过荧光定量PCR进行饲料中牛羊源性成分的快速筛选研究,其可以快速的检测饲料中是否含有牛羊源性成分,避免了常规检测中大量阴性样品造成的巨大工作量,并首次对饲料中牛羊源性成分进行定量分析,推导出定量计算公式,且灵敏度比常规的PCR检测方法高100倍以上。     

槲寄生碱对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721 bcl-2mRNA表达的影响

为研究槲寄生碱对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721对bcl-2mRNA表达的影响。采用半定量RT-PCR法测定bcl-2mRNA表达变化。结果表明,RT-PCR检测SMMC-7721细胞中bc1-2、mRNA表达的相对强度,发现bc1-2mRNA的表达强度降低(P0.05)。说明中药槲寄生碱抑制肝癌SMMC-7721细胞增殖作用与降低bcl-2mRNA表达水平有关。